Posted by Managementguru in Accounting, Financial Accounting, Management Accounting
on Oct 24th, 2016 | 0 comments
Types of accounting information may be classified into four categories: Operating informationFinancial accounting informationManagement accounting information andCost accounting information 1. Operating Information: This is the kind of information which is required to conduct the day-to-day activities. Examples of operating information are: Amount of wages paid and payable to employeesInformation about the stock of finished goods available for sale andEach one’s cost and selling priceInformation about amounts owed to and owing by the business enterpriseInformation about stock of raw materials, spare parts and accessories and so on. By far, the largest quantity of accounting information provides the raw data (input) for financial accounting, management accounting and cost accounting. Spend Wisely 2. Financial Accounting: Financial accounting information is meant both for owners and managers and also for the use of individuals and agencies external to the business. This accounting is concerned with the recording of transactions for a business enterprise and the periodic preparation of various reports from such records. The records may be for general purpose or for a special purpose. Focus on the Long Term 3. Management Accounting: Management accounting makes use of both historical and estimated data in assisting management in daily operations and in planning for future operations. It deals with specific problems that is faced by enterprise managers at various organizational levels. The management accountant is often concerned with finding alternative courses of action and then helping to select the best one. For e.g. The accountant may help the finance manager in preparing plans for future financing or may help the sales manager in deciding the selling price to be fixed on a new product by providing suitable data. Generally management accounting information is used in three important management functions: ControlCo-ordination andPlanning 4. Marginal costing This is an important technique of management accounting which provides multi dimensional information that helps in decision making. Specialised Accounting Fields A number of specialized fields in accounting also have evolved besides financial accounting. Management accounting and cost accounting are the result of rapid technological advances and enhanced economic growth. The most important among them are explained below: 1. Tax Accounting: Tax accounting is all about the filing of tax returns and the consideration of the tax implications of proposed business transactions or alternative courses of action. Accountants specializing in this branch of accounting are familiar with the tax laws affecting their employer or clients and are up to date on administrative regulations and court decisions on tax cases. 2. International Accounting: This accounting is concerned with the special issues associated with the international trade of multinational business organizations or MNC’s. Accountants specializing in this area must be familiar with the influences that custom, law and taxation of various countries bring to bear on international operations and accounting principles. 3. Social Responsibility Accounting: This branch is the newest field of accounting and is the most difficult to describe. Social responsibility accounting is so called because it not only measures the economic effects of business decisions but also their social effects, which have previously been considered to be immeasurable. Social accounting is also known as social accounting and auditing, social and environmental accounting, corporate social reporting, corporate social responsibility reporting, non-financial reporting or accounting. Benefits of Social Accounting 4. Inflation Accounting: Inflation accounting is a term describing a range of accounting models designed to correct problems arising from historical cost accounting in the presence of highinflation and hyperinflation. Inflation accounting is used in countries experiencing high inflation or hyperinflation. 5. Human Resources Accounting: Human resource accounting is the process of identifying and reporting investments made in the human resources of an organization that are presently unaccounted for in the conventional accounting practices. It is an extension of standard accounting principles. This system of accounting...
Posted by Managementguru in Entrepreneurship, Financial Management, Marketing
on Oct 17th, 2016 | 0 comments
20 Main Reasons for Startup Failure Entrepreneurs start a business with the single goal of achieving success. But we also see them fail miserably. 80% of startup companies witness closure since three years of commencement says a statistics. So, what should entrepreneurs do to be in that 20% population range of successful people? One good way to start is to learn from the mistakes committed by other startup companies. Research Giant CB insights has analyzed 101 failed startup companies and found out 20 important reasons categorically. CB insights is a company that focuses on business, investment and investment strategies. Also they supply valid information on startups and their founders, venture capital and Angel investment. Neeraj Arora: The WhatsApp story http://inktalks.com In 2011, Arora left Google to join a small team building a global product in Silicon Valley. WhatsApp with its 600 million active users t… These are the 20 main reasons for startup failures: No Market Need – 42% Ran Out Of Cash – 29% Not the Right Team – 23% Get Out-competed – 19% Pricing/Cost Issues – 18% Poor Product – 17% Need/Lack Business Model – 17% Poor Marketing – 14% Ignore Customers – 14% Product Mis-Timed – 13% Loose Focus – 13% Disharmony on Team/Investors – 13% Pivot Gone Bad – 10% Lack Passion – 9% Bad Location – 9% Not Financing/Investor Interest – 8% Legal Challenges – 8% Don’t Use Network/Advisors – 8% Burn Out – 8% Failure to Pivot – 7% SIDBI, a government based financial organization caters to the financial requirements of small and medium enterprises. It plays a crucial role in the growth of SME’s. Startup India and Standup India are the two movements initiated by the central government to enhance the spirit of entrepreneurs. Now, SIDBI has also started SIDBI Startup Mitra to associate startup companies with incubators and investors. It is quite difficult for the startup companies to get guidance and funding. These two factors are very vital for the growth of a startup firm. Various investment agencies, angel investors and incubators have associated themselves with Startup Mitra which in turn facilitate the tie-up. SIDBI startup Mitra also paves way for startup firms to reap the benefits of government plans. The CB Insights tech market intelligence platform analyzes millions of data points on venture capital, startups, patents, partnerships and news media. Info Source: @businessfather India’s top 10 funded startups of 2016 Ibibo Group : $ 250M Investors : Naspers Industry : Online Travel Company Snapdeal : $ 200M Investors : Ontario Teachers Pension Plan, Iron Pillar, Brother Fortune Apparel Industry : online marketplace BigBasket : $ 150M Investors : Abraaj Group, Sands Capital Management, IFC, Helion VC, BVP, Ascent Capital Industry : Online Grocery Shopping and Online Supermarket CarTrade : $ 145M Investors : Temasek, Warburg Pincus, Marche Capital Industry : online auto classifieds platform Byju’s Classes : $ 75M Investors : Sequoia, Sofina Industry Byju’s mobile app has video lessons for IAS, CAT, GMAT, GRE, IIT-JEE & Class 6-12 and comprehensive study material Lenskart : $ 60M Investors : IFC, Ratan Tata, Kris Gopalakrisnan, IDG, Adveq Management, TPG Growth. Industry : Shop online for Sunglasses, Eyeglasses and Contact Lenses for men & women Mobikwik : $ 50M Investors : GMO Payment Gateway, MediaTek, Sequoi, Tree Line Asia Industry : Online Recharge, Mobile Recharge & Bill Payments Lendingkart : $ 32M Investors : Bertelsmann India, Saama Capital, India Quotient, Darrin Capital, Mayfield India Industry : SME-lending firm, Short-term loans for Small Businesses Nestaway : $ 30M Investors : Tiger Global, IDG Ventures Industry : Marketplace for shared home, apartments, flats rentals Droom : $ 29.8M Investors : Lightbox, Beenext, Beenos, Digital Garage (Japan) Industry : online marketplace to buy & sell used cars, bikes, scooters, bicycles, aero...